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The measuring instrument called a potentiometer is essentially a voltage divider used for measuring electric potential (voltage); the component is an implementation of the same principle, hence its name.

To answer the question of what is linear potentiometer, first, let us see what are the different parts of this potentiometer. A linear taper potentiometer is usually made up of three pins that adjust to a flow of voltage, and produce a regulated voltage output relevant to its sliding components.

Parallel circuits are similar to the smaller blood veins that branch off from an artery and then join in a vessel to return blood to the heart. Now imagine two wires, each as an artery and a vein, that are connected to each other with some smaller wires. These smaller wires have the same voltages applied to them, but different amounts of current flow through them based on the individual wires’ resistance.

A circuit composed solely of components connected in series is known as a series circuit; likewise, one connected completely in parallel is known as a parallel circuit. Many circuits can be analyzed as combination of series and parallel circuits, along with other configurations.

In forward biasing, the external voltage supply is applied across the PN-junction diode. This voltage cuts the potential barrier and provides a low resistance way to the flow of current. The meaning of the forward bias is the connection of the positive region to the p-terminal of the supply, while the negative region is joined to the n-type of the device. To read more about these topics, you can use the references mentioned below.

References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%E2%80%93n_junction#Reverse_bias

https://www.linquip.com/blog/ultimate-guide-what-is-linear-potentiometer/

https://www.youtube.com/

https://www.linquip.com/blog/differences-between-forward-reverse-biasing/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometer

https://www.linquip.com/blog/differences-between-series-and-parallel-circuits/