Everything about Transformer

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          پنجشنبه 24 تیر 1400
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A transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit or multiple circuits. A varying current in any one coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, which induces a varying electromotive force across any other coils wound around the same core. Electrical energy can be transferred between separate coils without a metallic (conductive) connection between the two circuits. Faraday's law of induction, discovered in 1831, describes the induced voltage effect in any coil due to a changing magnetic flux encircled by the coil.

The working principle of a current transformer is somewhat different when measuring it with a standard voltage type of transformer. It contains two windings similar to the normal voltage transformer. Whenever AC provides throughout the primary section, then alternating magnetic flux can be produced, then AC will be stimulated across the secondary section.

Any transformer fundamentally includes a core and two windings. The two windings are introduced as primary and secondary sections. A step-up transformer converts a high-current, low-voltage input to a low-current, high-voltage output applying the principles of magnetic induction. The alternating electric flux in the primary section produces a varying magnetic field in the core.

It should be noted that a transformer is a reversible machine so that it can be employed as both a step-up and step-down transformer. For instance, if the circuit requires a high voltage, we would connect the HV terminals to the system, whereas the circuit or load needs a low voltage, we would connect the LV terminals to the system.

Once the output (secondary) value is higher than its input (primary) value, it is called a step-up transformer, whereas the output (secondary) voltage is less in the step-down transformer.

In a step-up type, the low voltage section is the primary side, and the high voltage section is the secondary side, whereas the low voltage winding is the secondary side in the step down transformer.